Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives
92 questions· page 1 of 10
Use your answers to (b) and (c) to deduce which structure, R, S or T, corresponds to the structure of Q and write balanced equations for the reactions that occurred.
identity of Q is .........
equation for reaction with sodium carbonate:
equation for reaction with sodium metal:
There is no reaction when X is treated with .
What functional group does this test show to be not present in X?
On treating compounds containing each of these functional groups with the reagents below, only five reactions occur. Complete the table by placing a tick () in each box where you believe a reaction will occur. You should place no more than five ticks in the table.
| reagent | alcohol RCHOH | aldehyde RCHO | carboxylic acid RCOH | ester RCOR' | ketone RCOR' |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaHCO | |||||
| Na | |||||
| CrO / H |
The oxides of the elements of the third Period behave differently with and . In some cases, no reaction occurs.
Complete the table below by writing a balanced equation for any reaction that occurs, with heating if necessary. If you think no reaction takes place write 'no reaction'.
You do not need to include state symbols in your answers.
| Reactants | Products |
|---|---|
| .....MgO(s) + ..... NaOH(aq) | |
| .....MgO(s) + ..... HCl(aq) | |
| .....Al₂O₃(s) + ..... NaOH(aq) + .....H₂O(l) | |
| .....Al₂O₃(s) + ..... HCl(aq) | |
| .....SO₂(g) + ..... NaOH(aq) | |
| .....SO₂(g) + ..... HCl(aq) |
Reaction 1 is an oxidation reaction.
Give the reagent(s) and conditions required for reaction 1.
reagent(s):
conditions:
Construct an equation to represent reaction 1.
Use [O] to represent an oxygen atom from the oxidising agent in this reaction.
acts as a homogeneous catalyst in reaction 3.
Explain why is described as homogeneous.
Reaction 2 needs to take place in the absence of water to prevent formation of compound .
If is present in the reaction mixture of reaction 3, a different compound, compound , will also form. Compound has two identical functional groups.
The infrared spectrum of shows strong absorptions at and , but no absorption due to bonds.
Use the Data Booklet to identify the functional group present in .
Explain your answer as fully as you can.
Draw the structural formula of the glyceryl ester formed when one molecule of glycerol is completely esterified with stearic acid.
What reagent(s) would you use, in a school or college laboratory, to obtain a small sample of oleic acid, , from the glyceryl ester present in a vegetable oil?
Complete Table 4.1 to:
- identify a reagent that could distinguish between the compounds in each pair
- give the positive result of the chemical test and identify which compound shows this result.
Use a different reagent for each test.
Some reactions of malic acid are shown below.
In the boxes below, give the structural formulae of organic compounds A to F.